Birth-Control and Biological Ethics - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1653 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2019/08/12 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Birth Control Essay Did you like this example? Up until the late 1900s it seemed birth control was next to non-existent. However, birth control did seem to exist. It was just that not very many people chose to take it; Some people didnt know about it or some did know and chose just not to speak up about it. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Birth-Control and Biological Ethics" essay for you Create order There was a divide as to whether or not birth control should be used as it was viewed to question male dominance in households because females were not taken seriously during these times. Some women embraced birth control after having many painful abortions as they wanted a voice to how their bodies were used. Other women chose to look past the option due to religious practices or the views and opinions of the public eye. Birth Control was a step towards Womens Rights, Independence and Self Care; A Great Divide. Dating as far back as the 1600s, a Womans body was never fully her own. Native American and Spanish women were used as bartering tools between societies for sexual gain and marriage purposes. African American women were generalized to be reproductive slaves. English women were expected to follow in the foot steps of their husbands and run properties, homes, bare children, tend to family lives and not ask questions; A stigma that ran deep into other cultures and communities as well. Proving that birth control during these times was absolutely unthought of and unheard of. The information I have discovered led me to gain a new perspective on why during that time period birth control did not exist. It also led me to understand the push for birth control in a male dominated society. This topic was simply a divide between those who wanted the right to take care of their bodies and those who stood by their men or church unsure of whether it would benefit them to speak up. Why could women be against something so beneficial to them? According to writer Warner Fite who wrote an article called The International Journal of Ethics, which was published by The University of Chicago Press in 1916, he stated that birth control was considered to be race-suicide,(Fite, Warner. Birth-Control and Biological Ethics. International Journal of Ethics, vol. 27, no. 1, 1916, pp. 50â€Å"66). This is one reason I found that people might stray away from the medicine. He also stated that people who participated in taking the birth control could hardly measure up to that of a good and old fashioned family. Which adds to the stigma that women were expected to behave a certain way and respond accordingly to the demands of their husbands because the man brought in the majority of the money to live comfortably. Birth control was not something that was freely spoken about. When women would ask doctors the men would attempt to turn a blind eye because contraception was actually illegal at this point and they would only talk about it if a woman pressed the issue. So even a woman who is pretty educated wouldnt know much because it wasnt something that was highly practiced or spoken of at the time. A big part of the reason the contraception was considered race-suicide, was aimed at those who were married because it was viewed as those who prefer single life (Fite, Warner. Birth-Control and Biological Ethics. International Journal of Ethics, vol. 27, no. 1, 1916, pp. 50â€Å"66). It was almost seen that birth control was a offense at that given time. It was also seen that controlling reproduction was more science related and was morally wrong against religious standpoints. At this point birth control existed but people were hesitant to ask and hesitant to take the contraception and not be looked down on in the public eye. How could a religion not support contraception as a form of health? I came across another article from 1965 written by Carl Reiterman who worked in the Department of Sociology at the California University of Berkley. He pinpointed the divide between religion and birth control among Catholics. One very valid point he made was that birth control is against natural law or Gods law, the Church proclaims that it has no power of any kind to alter the laws of God (Reiterman, Carl. Birth Control and Catholics. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, vol. 4, no. 2, 1965, pp. 213â€Å"233). This basically just says that its not natural therefore its something unintended for use by god himself. This is a great argument that birth control should not be used so its easy to see how it could have persuaded women to be anti birth control and stand behind their faith. Another argument of the Catholic Church reads as; Evil practices and the methods of pro- curing race suicide safely are taught by circulars and brochures to young and old and are even expounded in the Government schools (Reiterman, Carl. Birth Control and Catholics. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, vol. 4, no. 2, 1965, pp. 213â€Å"233). It was seen that birth control, which was created outside of the church was no more than propaganda. Propaganda was seen as something evil that was meant to break the church. Many religious women believed that their body was a sacrifice to bare children. So in any case whether it be harmless or life risking, it was meant to be at the hand of god and they were willing to risk their life for a baby. They saw that if a woman was in danger and survived that child-birth she was blessed. The catholic church was really about being natural and raw to god and the church. Another argument provided by the Catholic Church was that its families were beginning to decline. So preventing families from growing was going to completely get rid of the Catholic faith which was unacceptable. They began speaking out against doctors for having such current ideas and for promoting the end of child baring womens lives specifically to spite the religions view points and beliefs. This was another reason many people stood by their church. After reading so many view points on why birth control was a divide between people I came across an article that actually promoted contraception. In 1967 an author and Doctor who went by the name of Margaret Sanger published an article called The Journal of Sex Research. In this article she talks about her heart wrenching encounters with women in extreme conditions and how she could no longer stand by and do nothing. She traveled and studied multiple different types of contraceptives. It ranged from studying contraceptive jellies in Germany to relating and researching the cervical cap, then on to the intrauterine ring and many more. She was also a key person in the creation and distribution of oral contraception. Sanger believed that all women should have the right to contraceptives and she made it a personal mission for that to happen. She became the founder of I.P.P.F also known as the International Planned Parenthood Fund. She created a place where women could go that was judgement free and provided services that benefitted their health. She was 100% supportive of innovative technology to further her ideas and wanted a worldwide solution. She was nominated for both a Nobel Peace Prize in 1960 and for the Presidential Freedom Award in 1965 and while she didnt receive either she was proud to create an establishment for research and the protection of women and their bodies. H. G. Wells also contributed the legacy Sanger was leaving behind by saying The movement she started will grow to be, a hundred years from now, the most influential of all time in controlling mans destiny on earth. (Lehfeldt, Hans. Margaret Sanger and the Modern Contraceptive Techniques. The Journal of Sex Research, vol. 3, no. 4, 1967, pp. 253â€Å"255). This woman opened up a research facility and a haven for women to go to without fearing the judgement of those around them. Margaret Sanger is also mentioned in our current History class textbook called Through Womens Eyes, where her bibliography is listed of what drove her to be so passionate about the contraceptive industry. Sanger was called to a case where a woman had given herself multiple abortions and she fell ill because she didnt have resources to prevent pregnancies from happening. She physically witnessed a male doctor turn a blind eye and laugh as if it were something funny, that a woman would ask for a way to keep from getting pregnant. This led Margaret Sanger to push for what became not only a legacy but a legend in the contraceptive industry and a step towards more womens rights. If you are interested in reading her bibliography the title is Woman and Birth Control, by Margaret Sanger. My conclusion of what divided people from being pro-contraceptive or anti-contraceptive; creating a great divide, is a matter of opinion and belief. There were people who simply thought it was outlandish that a woman would deny the seed of their husband making birth control out of the question. There was religious faith that denied birth control because they believed it was nothing more than propaganda and women were put on earth to pro-create and carry religious beliefs down the line so the church would not diminish. Lastly, there were people who believed birth control could solve health issues because it would prevent the creation of dangerous techniques to abort unborn children and harm the women in the process, possibly leading to their death or close to a deathly experience. Works Cited Fite, Warner. Birth-Control and Biological Ethics. International Journal of Ethics, vol. 27, no. 1, 1916, pp. 50â€Å"66. JSTOR, JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/2376956. Reiterman, Carl. Birth Control and Catholics. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, vol. 4, no. 2, 1965, pp. 213â€Å"233. JSTOR, JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/1384139. Lehfeldt, Hans. Margaret Sanger and the Modern Contraceptive Techniques. The Journal of Sex Research, vol. 3, no. 4, 1967, pp. 253â€Å"255. JSTOR, JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/3811979. References Sanger, Margaret. Woman and Birth Control. Through Womens Eyes, An American History With Documents. 1912, pp. 430-431

Han China vs. Mauryan/Gupta India Essay - 1132 Words

Analyze similarities and differences in methods of political control in the following empires in the classical period. Han China (206 B.C.E.-220 C.E.) Mauryan/Gupta India (320 B.C.E.-550 C.E.) During the Classical period, Han China and Mauryan/Gupta India developed many methods of political control. Although these empires were located in different geographic regions, they both used social hierarchy, language, bureaucracy, and religion as a means of political control. Many of Classical India’s religious beliefs and bureaucratic practices contrasted each other in relation to the ways that they supported the methods of political control. Like Han China, Classical India used their social structure system as a method of political†¦show more content†¦In contrast, India created a bureaucracy allowing local rulers to maintain regional control. This concept of regionalism brought about political diversity in India. China was unified in relation to their ruler, code of law, and economical practices, but India was divided in relation to their rulers, codes of law, and economical practices. Because of this regional practice, the Indian empire continued to expand , adding more regions their area, and eventually leading to political instability. Han China used its centralized bureaucratic system to control the population by a unified code of law and a strong army. Classical India used the concept of regionalism to control a larger population by using local rulers that governed different areas by different laws and punishments. In contrast to Han China’s official Mandarin language, Classical India did not develop a unified language. During the Zhou Dynasty, the Chinese created the language of Mandarin. As a centralized dynasty, China made Mandarin its official spoken language, and brought about linguistic unity in the empire. Whereas, Classical India, being a regional empire, did not require a unified language considering the separated areas that could speak different languages and dialects in each region. The development of Mandarin aided Han China by creating a unified language that would enhance trade and communication inside t heShow MoreRelatedCompartive Essay on Han Dynasty and Mauryan/Gupta Dynasties615 Words   |  3 PagesHan Dynasty (China) vs. Mauryan/Gupta Dynasties (India) The Han Dynasty lasted from 206 BCE – 220 BCE, and was in China. The Mauryan and Gupta Dynasty lasted from 322 BCE – 500 CE, and were in India. The Mauryan Dynasty ended by 185 BCE. The Gupta Dynasty started in 320 CE. In my essay I am going to be comparing and contrasting the 3 dynasty’s (2 of them as 1), and their control through religion, trade, male dominance, and how they fell. The Han Dynasty controlled their empire through Confucianism

Free Willy! Why We Should Free Captured Whales Essay Example For Students

Free Willy! Why We Should Free Captured Whales Essay Many people have heard about Keiko, the killer whale, who starred in the movie Free Willy. After seeing the movie, audiences discovered that the friendly whale in the movie was in a tank too small and in bad health because of that and other complications that come with being taken from its natural habitat to a place where it cant meet its own needs. Soon a foundation was set u[ and money started pouring in from children and their schools to come up with a plan to one day free Keiko. The tank/habitat cost $7.3 million to build and $9 million for staff, veterinarian, care, food, utilities and other costs for the first two years alone (Oregon Coast Aquarium). With all the problems in the world with humans and animals, it is hard to see this much money going to help just one whale. There are different types of animal stories that people hear about. There are the wonderful stories about adorable animals that do something amazing or need our help. There are also stories about animals that are used in good and bad experiments. When you hear about the treatment of some animals for research, you feel like forgetting about research. One such story was in 1988, three gray whales got stuck in freezing waters in Alaska, the whales were at risk of drowning because the holes in the ice that they were using to breathe were slowly freezing over. a large rescue was put together that ended up involving the National Guard and the U.S. and Soviet governments to get the whales free (Luke 87). Another story is of a mother cat that risked burning to death to save her kittens from a burning building. She and her kittens needed a home, which they got after the news coverage of the amazing act of the mother. The first story is amazing because two separate governments (which havent been able to get along for the most part of the last 50 years and have only recently started to become friendly) came together to help three animals that needed some outside help. The question is: were the two governments and other groups that helped, really trying to help the whales or get attention for themselves, and say Hey, we are helpful to everyone including animals that cant even ask for help. The news is just as bad as the two governments and groups. the reporters give the animals names, which makes viewers feel like they know the animals involved, so they keep watching to find out what happens. TV is the land of ratings and the only way to get ratings is to grab the audiences attention, with stories that make audiences have strong emotions about something (Luke 87). The cat and her kittens all got happy homes and the whales were able to go on their way, so in these two cases everything was successful. Then there are the more extreme cases of when activists illegally raid research facilities to free animals that are being experimented on. Some of these stories are justified, when the experiments being done and the condition of the animals are discovered. In some cases newborn animals such as monkeys are taken away from their mothers as soon as they are born, and are started on experiments. Some experiments range from implanting devices, electrical cords for stimulation, or a variety of things. These are some of the more extreme cases of experimentation and sometimes groups, such as PETA, step in and take things into their own hands, Illegally (Newkirk). Most people dont think about what it really means to try and release an animal back into the wild and what all needs to be done for the act to take place. People and activists that are saying that the animals should be released arent thinking about the fact that many of the animals have been in captivity for many years or born in captivity. These animals have been hand fed and not had to worry about predators. Informative: Punk rock Essay There needs to be more awareness about poaching, saving endangered species, and hunting for one species that wont harm another. Many dolphins die every day when they get caught in fishing nets because fisherment use techniques that catch dolphins along with the intended catch. In conclusion, the media keeps its eye on a few animals and activists worry about test animals, while animals that are out in the wild are suffering. Rehab centers like the one built for Keiko are wonderful, but that money spend on one animal could help many animals just as much. We shouldnt spend so much time worrying about animals already in captivity. This doesnt mean ignore them all together, those in captivity should be taken care of just like any household pet. Teaching an animal to survive on its own wont do any good when a poacher kills the animal. The human problem needs to be taken care of before animals can be helped. BibliographyLuke, Brian. Justice, Caring, and Animal Liberation (1992). Beyond Animal Rights: A feminist Caring Ehtic For the Treatment of Animals. ED. Josephine donovan and Carol J. Adams. New York: Continuum, 1996. 87. Newkirk, Ingrid. Free the Animals! The Untold Story of the U.S. Animal Liberation Front and Its Founder, Valerie. Chicago: Noble,1992. Oregon Coast Aquarium. Interntet. 20 April 1998. Available: Aquarium Watson, Paul. The Cult of Animal Celebrity. Animal People. June 1995. Online. Internet. 20 April 1998. Available: (no longer available) Zaneski, Cyril. Will Performing whale Fail or Flourish in the Wild? Knight-Rider New Service 10 March 1995. Online. Internet. 23 April 1998. Available: Knight-Rider BibliographyLuke, Brian. Justice, Caring, and Animal Liberation (1992). Beyond Animal Rights: A feminist Caring Ehtic For the Treatment of Animals. ED. Josephine donovan and Carol J. Adams. New York: Continuum, 1996. 87. Newkirk, Ingrid. Free the Animals! The Untold Story of the U.S. Animal Liberation Front and Its Founder, Valerie. Chicago: Noble,1992. Oregon Coast Aquarium. Interntet. 20 April 1998. Available: Aquarium Watson, Paul. The Cult of Animal Celebrity. Animal People. June 1995. Online. Internet. 20 April 1998. Available: (no longer available) Zaneski, Cyril. Will Performing whale Fail or Flourish in the Wild? Knight-Rider New Service 10 March 1995. Online. Internet. 23 April 1998. Available: Knight-Rider